China brings hope to Copenhagen

Beijing: China pledged on Thursday to increase its efforts to limit so-called "greenhouse" gases, and said that Premier Wen Jiabao would attend the Copenhagen climate summit next month.

The announcements came a day after President Barack Obama said he would join the conference and unveiled a provisional target to reduce carbon emissions in the US.

The combination of moves creates a glimmer of optimism that the December 7-18 climate talks will bring nations closer to meaningful agreements on emission cuts — if not next month, then sometime in the near future.

"Wen's presence at the meeting fully embodies the Chinese government's great attention to the issue and its political willingness to address the issue with international cooperation," Chinese Foreign Ministry Spokesman Qin Gang said at a news conference on Thursday.

Voluntary action

China's State Council said by 2020 the country would reduce its carbon dioxide emissions per unit of gross domestic product by 40 per cent to 45 per cent compared with levels in 2005. This is "a voluntary action based on our own national conditions" and "is a major contribution to the global effort in tackling climate change," the State Council said.

While China's cuts are welcomed, Greenpeace China said the targets did not go far enough, considering China's emissions are expected to continue rising. A pledge in the 45 per cent to 50 per cent range would have been better, they said.

And China's GDP is expected to grow, so its total emissions might not drop.

Despite this, the recent moves by China and the US show a willingness to lead the globe toward a climate solution, said Yang Ailun, climate campaign manager for Greenpeace China. "They're definitely feeling the heat from Copenhagen," Yang said. "The two big countries are setting up a good foundation. China will have to be more energy efficient, which means more renewable energy. They'll have to tackle their over-dependency on coal."

China and the US, the world's two leading polluters, have sparred over emission reduction commitments.

China is reluctant to agree to any cuts that would jeopardise its economic growth and believes that developed nations, as the biggest polluters historically, should assume a larger share of overall reductions.

The US asserts that global warming cannot be stemmed unless China agrees to more ambitious cuts. Some lawmakers are reluctant to enter binding agreements unless China and India do too, for fear it will make the US less economically competitive.

On Wednesday, the White House said the US would "put on the table" a commitment to reduce emissions by around 17 per cent below 2005 levels by 2020, and 83 per cent by 2050.

The pledge is consistent with language in a climate bill stalled in the US Senate.

In the lead-up to the Copenhagen summit, which was supposed to succeed the Kyoto Protocol that expires in 2012, other countries have also announced how much they were willing to reduce their emissions.

Brazil said it aimed to cut as much as 42 per cent, the UK 34 per cent and Japan as much as 25 per cent.

Despite China's resistance to binding emission caps, it has pledged to rely on renewable energy such as wind and solar power for 15 per cent of its power needs by 2020.