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Pledging his shares for bank funding set off the current problems for B. R. Shetty, founder and Chairman of NMC Health. Image Credit: Supplied

London (Bloomberg): Bavaguthu Raghuram Shetty was once a typical billionaire with a taste for the high-life.

He splurged on a private jet, vintage cars and two entire floors of the Burj Khalifa. His website shows him hobnobbing with politicians, Bill Gates and Bollywood royalty.

“The thrill of speed and freedom makes me love cars,” Shetty told local reporters last year.

Shetty had more than enough money - at least on paper - to afford such a lifestyle from companies he helped found, including hospital operator NMC Health Plc and financial services firm Finablr Plc. On December 10, his stakes in the public companies were valued at $2.4 billion, making up the bulk of a fortune spanning education, hospitality and one of the world’s oldest tea companies.

Then, a week later, Carson Block came along.

In the crosshairs

Block’s investment firm, Muddy Waters, issued a report criticizing NMC’s accounts and disclosing a short position. Since then, Muddy Waters’s scrutiny has snowballed into a troubling scenario for Shetty that sheds light on his complex share arrangements and casts doubts about his networth.

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B. R. Shetty had plans to produce a big-budget movie. Despite much hype, that project never materialised. He is pictured here with Shrikumar Menon, the film director, and Mohanlal, actor. Image Credit: Supplied

His holdings in Finablr and NMC are worth $885 million, but Shetty’s fortune may now be just a fraction of that, depending on the size of his borrowings.

Filings this month show that Shetty pledged a quarter of his NMC stake against loans with First Abu Dhabi Bank and Zurich-based Falcon Private Bank. Two other shareholders may own half of his reported stake. Another lender - Al Salam Bank Bahrain - has already sold some of those shares to enforce security over a loan for Shetty, and NMC said Tuesday that First Abu Dhabi Bank sold another chunk earlier this month.

Forcing a closer look

The situation “seems to have gone beyond some of the issues that Muddy Waters focused on initially,” said Gavin Launder, a fund manager at Legal & General Investment Management, who owned shares in NMC until October. “The increased scrutiny has unearthed other issues.”

Law firm Herbert Smith Freehills has launched a review of Shetty’s holdings at his request, a spokesperson for the Indian-born businessman said. Shetty resigned Sunday as NMC’s chairman.

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In its December 17 report on NMC, Muddy Waters hinted at potential overpayment for assets, inflated cash balances and understated debt. Shares of the UAE’s biggest private healthcare provider have since plunged 67 per cent, and the firm is now the focus of takeover speculation. The sell-off also spread to Finablr, whose stock has tumbled 64 per cent in that span.

NMC has disputed Muddy Waters’s claims, and the company hired former FBI Director Louis Freeh to conduct an independent review of the short seller’s allegations. Meanwhile, local regulators “are making inquiries with the relevant parties,” a spokesperson for the UK’s Financial Conduct Authority said.

More share pledges

To complicate matters, Shetty pledged another batch of NMC stock in 2018 as part of a so-called “equity collar arrangement” with Goldman Sachs Group Inc. that uses options to limit the impact from share moves. Last month, he also pledged most of his stake in Finablr to refinance a loan from the company’s takeover of foreign-exchange firm Travelex for about $1.2 billion.

BRS Ventures Investment, the UAE-based holding company for most of Shetty’s assets, doesn’t report consolidated financials, preventing a complete analysis of his networth. His other assets include a catering company, a waste-management firm and pharmaceutical business Neopharma, which four months ago was in the early stages of planning for an initial public offering.

He created Finablr two years ago to consolidate his financial brands before listing it on the London Stock Exchange in 2019.

The man behind Muddy Waters
Carson Block earned his reputation as a short seller a decade ago through targeting US-listed Chinese companies that he claimed were frauds.
More recently, his San Francisco-based firm focused on British litigation-finance firm Burford Capital Ltd. and Japanese biotech stock PeptiDream Inc. Short sellers seek to benefit from a decline in a company’s share price.
“I wouldn’t have been able to predict that we’d get these bizarre disclosures about unclear share ownership coming out of the company (NMC),” he said in a phone interview. “This has been obviously a more dramatic unraveling than we usually see.”
Loans against shares
B.R. Shetty is hardly the only ultra-wealthy person to leverage his assets.
Elon Musk has used his shares in Tesla Inc. to obtain personal loans, while Oracle Corp. Chairman Larry Ellison has put up millions of the company’s shares to fund a lavish lifestyle that includes trophy properties, America’s Cup teams and the Indian Wells tennis facility in California.
But such deals can also sour, as demonstrated by Shetty’s lenders selling shares his investment firm pledged. He and his advisers are investigating details of the sales as part of their legal review, according to filings.