Phnom Penh: The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (Unesco) on Thursday added six ancient sites in Syria including a fortress of Salah Al Deen and a crusader castle to the endangered World Heritage list, warning that more than two years of civil war had inflicted heavy damage.
“Due to the armed conflict situation in Syria, the conditions are no longer present to ensure the conservation and protection of the outstanding universal value of the six World Heritage properties,” a Unesco document said.
Syria has six world heritage sites: the ancient cities of Damascus, Bosra and Aleppo, the oasis of Palmyra, the castles of Crac des Chevaliers and Qal’at Salah Al Deen — also known as the Fortress of Salah Al Deen — and the ancient villages of northern Syria. All six were placed on the list of World Heritage in Danger by the Unesco committee at its annual meeting in Phnom Penh. In preparatory documents for the meeting, Unesco said its information on the scale of the destruction was “partial” and came from unverified sources including social media and a report from Syrian authorities which it said “does not necessarily reflect the actual situation.”
Aleppo’s old city, in particular, has “witnessed some of the conflict’s most brutal destruction,” it said, adding that the old citadel had been “caught in the line of fire.” In April, the minaret of Aleppo’s ancient Umayyad mosque — originally built in the 8th century and then rebuilt in the 13th century — was destroyed.
“The immediate, near-term and long-term effect of the crises on the cultural heritage of Aleppo cannot be overstated,” Unesco said. Clandestine excavations, including looting of ancient tombs and grave sites, have also been reported at several of the sites, it added.
More than 93,000 people, including at least 6,500 children, have been killed since the outbreak of civil war in Syria in March 2011, the UN announced last week in a report that highlighted a surge in the number of deaths each month.
