Baghdad: British archaeologists said on Thursday they had unearthed a sprawling complex near the ancient city of Ur in southern Iraq, home of the prophet Ebrahim.
The structure, thought to be about 4,000 years old, probably served as an administrative centre for Ur, around the time Ebrahim would have lived there before leaving for Canaan, according to scriptures.
The compound is near the site of the partially reconstructed Ziggurat, or Sumerian temple, said Stuart Campbell of Manchester University’s Archaeology Department, who led the dig.
“This is a breathtaking find,” Campbell said, because of its unusually large size - roughly the size of a football pitch, or about 80 metres on each side. The archaeologist said complexes of this size and age were rare.
“It appears that it is some sort of public building. It might be an administrative building, it might have religious connections or controlling goods to the city of Ur,” he said.
The complex of rooms around a large courtyard was found 20 kilometres from Ur, the last capital of the Sumerian royal dynasties whose civilisation flourished 5,000 years ago.
Campbell said one of the artefacts they unearthed was a 9-centimetre clay plaque showing a worshipper wearing a long, fringed robe, approaching a sacred site.
Beyond artefacts, the site could reveal the environmental and economic conditions of the region through analysis of plant and animal remains, the archaeological team said in a statement.
The dig began last month when the six-member British team worked with four Iraqi archaeologists to dig in the Tell Khaiber in the southern province of Thi Qar, some 320 kilometres south of Baghdad.
Decades of war and violence have kept international archaeologists away from Iraq, where significant archaeological sites as yet unexplored are located. Still, the dig showed that such collaborative missions could be possible in parts of Iraq that are relatively stable, like its south.
Campbell’s team was the first British-led archaeological dig in southern Iraq since the 1980s. It was also directed by Manchester University’s Dr Jane Moon and independent archaeologist Robert Killick.
“This has been an opportunity to get back to an area very close to our heart for a long time,” Campbell said.
Iraq faces a broader problem of protecting its archaeological heritage. Its 12,000 registered archaeological sites are poorly guarded.
