Ask the experts

Dr Murtuza Bandukwala | specialist Dermatologist, Cosmocare Medical Center

I am a 31-year-old female experiencing recurrent breakouts on my face, which leave marks and scars. I have never seen my face completely free of marks. How can I achieve smooth skin?

At 31, it is essential to identify the underlying cause to determine the most effective treatment. Common conditions that may contribute to these symptoms include acne vulgaris, rosacea, perioral dermatitis, or other inflammatory skin disorders. In some cases, systemic diseases or hormonal imbalances may also play a role. It is advisable to consult a dermatologist for an accurate diagnosis. A thorough examination and, if necessary, further tests can help determine the exact cause of your breakouts.

The appropriate treatment depends on the diagnosis and may include:

• Topical treatments: Medications such as retinoids (e.g., tretinoin) promote skin cell turnover and prevent clogged pores. Benzoyl peroxide has antibacterial properties and can reduce inflammation. Topical antibiotics may also be prescribed for specific conditions.

• Oral medications: For more severe cases, oral antibiotics or hormonal treatments may be recommended. In refractory cases, oral retinoids have shown effectiveness.

• Office-based procedures: Treatments such as chemical peels, mesotherapy, and microneedling can help improve skin texture.

• Laser therapies: Procedures like IPL (Intense Pulsed Light) or fractional CO2 laser can help reduce redness and scarring. However, multiple sessions may be required, and results can vary.

• Use a mild, non-comedogenic cleanser twice daily to remove excess oil and impurities.

• Apply a fragrance-free moisturiser to maintain skin hydration.

• Daily application of a broad-spectrum sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher is crucial.

Lifestyle considerations: Maintain a balanced diet, manage stress, and avoid touching or picking at your face to prevent further irritation and scarring.

Dr Riyaz Badami | Homeopathic Practitioner and Medical Director, Good Living Medical Centre, Dubai

Gut inflammation occurs when the digestive tract lining becomes irritated or damaged due to an immune response. This can cause bloating, food sensitivities, leaky gut, and chronic health issues.

Common triggers of gut inflammation include a poor diet rich in processed foods, refined sugars, trans fats, excessive alcohol, and caffeine. Food sensitivities to gluten, dairy, soy, and fermentable carbohydrates can also contribute. An imbalance in gut bacteria, known as dysbiosis, occurs when harmful bacteria overgrow or beneficial bacteria are lacking.

Chronic stress plays a significant role by increasing cortisol levels, weakening the gut lining, and slowing digestion. Infections such as H. pylori, Candida overgrowth, or parasites, along with frequent antibiotic use, can further disrupt gut health. Leaky gut syndrome, where increased intestinal permeability allows toxins to enter the bloodstream, is another cause. Autoimmune disorders like Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, and celiac disease also contribute to gut inflammation. Additionally, environmental toxins such as pesticides, heavy metals, and processed food chemicals can worsen the condition.Symptoms of gut inflammation include bloating, indigestion, acid reflux, abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation, food sensitivities, fatigue, brain fog, skin issues such as eczema and acne, joint pain, and autoimmune flare-ups.

Managing gut inflammation naturally involves adopting an anti-inflammatory diet rich in whole, unprocessed foods, fibre-rich vegetables, and fermented foods. Bone broth and collagen help repair the gut lining, while herbs like turmeric and ginger aid digestion. Probiotics and prebiotics, digestive enzymes, intermittent fasting, stress reduction, hydration, and herbal teas can also support gut healing. Eliminating trigger foods like processed foods, alcohol, and caffeine is essential. Apple cider vinegar also promotes digestion.

Constitutional homeopathy addresses the root cause, improving digestion and nutrient absorption. A qualified homeopath can effectively manage gut inflammation.