Fallujah: Washington said on Sunday it would help Baghdad in its battle against the Al Qaida but that there would be no return of US troops, as sporadic clashes occurred near militant-held Iraqi cities.
The takeover of Fallujah and parts of Ramadi is the first time that militants have exercised such open control in major cities since the height of the bloody insurgency that followed the US-led invasion of 2003.
Fallujah is in the hands of fighters of the Al Qaida-linked Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (Isil), a senior security official said on Saturday, putting militants back in control of the city where US forces repeatedly battled insurgents.
Secretary of State John Kerry said that the United States would provide assistance to Iraqi forces in their battle against the militants but that it was “their fight”.
There were sporadic clashes on Sunday morning both on the outskirts of Fallujah and inside Ramadi, the Anbar provincial capital, AFP journalists reported.
It was not immediately clear which of the four parties to the fighting — the regular security forces, loyalist tribes, Isil and forces of the anti-government “Military Council of the Tribes” — were involved.
On Friday and Saturday, more than 160 people were killed in the worst violence to hit Anbar in years.
Kerry said Washington was “very, very concerned” about the resurgence of Isil but said it was not contemplating any return of US ground troops, after their withdrawal in December 2011.
“We are not obviously contemplating returning, we are not contemplating putting boots on the ground, this is their fight,” Kerry told reporters in Jerusalem
“But we’re going to help them in their fight...We are going to do everything that is possible to help them.”
Both Ramadi and Fallujah were insurgent strongholds in the years after 2003, and Fallujah was the target of two major assaults in which US forces saw some of their heaviest fighting since the Vietnam War.
American troops eventually wrested back control of Anbar from militants, with the support of Sunni Arab tribesmen of the Sahwa militia, who joined forces with the US from late 2006.
US forces suffered almost one-third of their Iraq dead in Anbar, according to independent website icasualties.org.
But two years after US forces withdrew, the power of militants in the province is on the resurgence.
Fighting erupted in the Ramadi area on Monday, when security forces cleared a year-old Sunni Arab protest camp against what they see as the marginalisation and targeting of their minority community by the Shiite-led government.
The violence then spread to Fallujah, and the subsequent withdrawal of security forces from parts of both cities cleared the way for militants to seize control.
Prime Minister Nouri Al Maliki had long sought the closure of the protest camp outside Ramadi, dubbing it a “headquarters for the leadership of Al Qaida”.
But its removal has caused a sharp decline in the security situation.
Isil is the latest incarnation of Al Qaida’s Iraq affiliate and has made a striking comeback this year, taking advantage of widespread discontent among Sunnis and its newfound bases in neighbouring Syria, where it has become a major player in the nearly three-year-old conflict.
Violence in Iraq last year reached a level not seen since 2008, when the country was just emerging from a brutal period of sectarian killings.
