Photos: A year on, markets bustling in Wuhan where COVID-19 emerged

Hundreds of shoppers pack a wet market on a December weekday morning in the Chinese city of Wuhan, jostling to buy fresh vegetables and live fish, frogs and turtles. | Above: Fish vendors prepare fish for sale at a wet market in Wuhan.

Almost a year since the city reported the world's first cases of COVID-19 in one of its handful of vast wet markets, and even as several other countries remain firmly in the grip of the subsequent pandemic, life in Wuhan has largely returned to normal.

"I'm not afraid, what is there to be afraid of?" said Nie Guangzhen, a fish and vegetable vendor. Nie and other shop owners along a narrow street, part of the larger wet market, were busily gutting fish for streams of buyers - some not wearing masks - as city cleaners sprayed down the pavements.

People wearing face masks are seen at a main shopping area in Wuhan. Few hints remain of Wuhan's early role in the coronavirus pandemic, which has since infected more than 67 million people globally, killing around 1.5 million people.

China first alerted the World Health Organization to 27 cases of "viral pneumonia" in Wuhan on December 31. Authorities shut down a wet market in the city the next day, after discovering some patients were vendors or dealers.

That marked the start of a dark period for the city of 11 million in central China. Infections spiralled quickly to 50,000 cases, including almost 4,000 deaths. Officials responded by swiftly imposing a tough 76-day lockdown, erecting kilometres of thick yellow barricades through the city's deserted streets to keep people at home and businesses closed.

The measures paid off. Wuhan has not recorded a new locally transmitted case in several months and is now indistinguishable from other Chinese cities with crowded shopping streets, traffic jams and tightly packed restaurants.

"I really missed these more fun and exciting times, like going out shopping and eating with my friends," said 27-year-old shopper Hu Hang on Monday at a packed Wuhan night market selling Christmas sweaters among other goods.

In the busy street, hawkers sell flowers and balloons, street performers including dancers and a clown perform while music blares from shops lining the road.

The city's recovery is a sharp contrast to other major economies heading into the Christmas and New year holiday season.

In the United States, the health system is under severe pressure as cases mount and health officials warn the worst is yet to come. The country recorded 15,000 deaths over the past week, the deadliest seven days of the pandemic since April.

Several European countries have rolled out tight restrictions on gatherings ahead of Christmas, fearing a return to peak levels of cases because of festive celebrations.

China's relative success in controlling the virus has become a key talking point in Chinese state media.

"I haven't been overseas, so I don't understand it well, but looking at the TV it seems like foreign countries don't put human life first," said Mr Li, a 54-year old Wuhan street food vendor, who reopened his shop in June. "The ideology of foreign countries is not as good as that of China."

China has taken steps, including mass testing millions of residents following small-scale outbreaks, to prevent a second wave of infections seen in many other cities and countries.

At the gates of residential compounds, staff in blue tents monitor residents' smartphone health codes. In a public park, slogans on red propaganda banners urge people to remain vigilant.

Wearing face masks is not mandatory, but most people do so in public.

People wearing face masks arrive at one of the railway stations in Wuhan.

A man promotes real estate at a street market in Wuhan.

People wearing face masks visit a street market in Wuhan.

People visit a street market in Wuhan.