What is it?
Meningitis is an acute inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord. The inflammation may be caused by infection with viruses, bacteria or other microorganisms. Since Meningitis is the inflammation of the membrane surrounding the brain and can be life-threatening, it is classified as a medical emergency.
How many types of Meningitis are there?
1. Bacterial Meningococcal Meningitis
This is the most dangerous form of Meningitis. However, the DHA has said there are no confirmed cases of this in the UAE. Vaccinations for this form of Meningitis are available.
2. Viral Meningitis
This is the viral form of the illness and has been recorded in the UAE, however there is no vaccine available.
3. Fungal Meningitis
This is the fungal form of the illness and has been recorded in the UAE, however there is no vaccine available.
Symptoms
Adults and Children
The most common symptoms of Meningitis are headaches, stiffness of the neck, sudden fever, confused state of mind, vomiting, photophobia (inability to tolerate light) and phonophobia (inability to tolerate loud noise).
Children specifically
Since it is difficult for children to communicate these symptoms, parents should watch out for irritability and drowsiness. If a rash breaks out, it is a classic symptom of Meningococcal Meningitis and you should rush to the nearest hospital. Find your nearest hospital in our map below.
Precautions
Since Meningococcal Meningitis is a nasopharyngeal (nose + pharynx) disease, it is an Aerosol infection and close contact is to be avoided in order to stop the spread of the disease.
Cures
While self prescription is highly discouraged, it always helps to know that Meningococcal Meningitis is contained with Antibiotics such as penicillin; if you’re allergic to Penicillin, then the cephalosporin group of drugs is used.
Inputs from Dr David Egbert, School Pediatrician, Gems Wellington International School, Dubai
