Monitor blood pressure at home

People with high blood pressure should monitor it regularly at home to get truer readings than those sometimes taken in a doctor's office and better manage the condition, experts said.

The recommendations issued by the American Heart Association and two other groups aim in part to get around the "white coat effect" in which some people's blood pressure rises simply due to the stress of being in a doctor's office.

High blood pressure, also known as hypertension, is on the rise in the United States and other developed nations, fuelled by rising obesity and sedentary lifestyles. It can lead to heart attack, heart failure, stroke and kidney failure.

The American Society of Hypertension and the Preventive Cardiovascular Nurses' Association joined the American Heart Association in urging people with high blood pressure to use commercially available home blood pressure monitoring devices.

"Only a third of people who have high blood pressure have it controlled. The belief is that the use of these monitors will help a larger percentage of people get better control of their blood pressure," American Heart Association President Dr Daniel Jones said in a telephone interview.

Because blood pressure fluctuates during the day, a reading at a doctor's office every few months may not provide a true assessment of a person's condition, the groups said.

"In the medical-care environment, the patient can become anxious or nervous. And they actually have a much higher pressure artificially only in the medical-care environment that doesn't exist elsewhere," Dr William White of the University of Connecticut School of Medicine, a American Society of Hypertension board member, said in a telephone interview.

"It exists in about one out of three people whether they're on treatment or not," added White, who also noted that conversely, some people have higher blood pressure outside the medical setting - for example, at a stressful workplace. People should use oscillometric monitors with cuffs that fit on the upper arm, the groups said. They did not recommend the use of wrist or finger monitors.