Buenos Aires: A strong earthquake measuring 7.0 hit a sparsely populated region of northern Argentina early on Saturday, the US government and Argentine officials said.

The epicentre of the tremor, which occurred at 6:56 local time (0956 GMT), was located 160 kilometres northeast of the city of Santiago del Estero, according to the US Geological Survey.

There were no immediate reports of casualties or damage, and the quake occured at a depth of 583.6 kilometres.

Because the earthquake was so deep below the earth's surface, it only registered at a magnitude of around 2.0 to 3.0 degrees, seismologist Marcelo Pena from the Argentine national earthquake institute Inpres.

He said the epicentre of the quake was 40 kilometres from the town of Campo Gallo in northern Santiago del Estero province, a desert region which is sparsely populated with only about 5,000 residents.

The reading was based on the open-ended Moment Magnitude scale, now used by US seismologists, which measures the area of the fault that ruptured and the total energy released.