Kiev: Temperatures plunged to new lows in Europe where a week-long cold snap has now claimed more than 220 lives and forecasters warned that the big freeze would tighten its grip at the weekend.
In the southwest Czech Republic, the mercury dropped as low as minus 38.1 degrees Celsius overnight and even Rome received a rare dusting of snow.
In the last seven days, a total of 222 people have died from the cold weather, according to an AFP tally.
Ukraine's emergencies ministry raised the death toll substantially from a previous 63 to 101, of whom 64 died on the streets.
Almost 1,600 people have requested medical attention for frostbite and hypothermia and thousands have flocked to temporary shelters that have been set up across the country for people to find warmth and food.
The ferocious temperatures killed eight more people over the last 24 hours in Poland, bringing the death toll to 37 since the deep freeze began a week ago, police said.
Temperatures plunged to minus 35 Celsius in some areas of Poland, while in Bulgaria parts of the River Danube have frozen over, severely hindering navigation.
Elsewhere in Bulgaria, another six people were found dead from the cold, bringing the overall tally to 16 in the last week, according to local media. No official figures have been released.
Most of the dead in the European Union's poorest country were villagers found frozen to death on the side of the road or in their unheated homes, the reports said.
More than 1,000 Bulgarian schools remained closed for a third day yesterday amid fresh snowfalls and piercing winds in the northeast of the country.
In neighbouring Romania two more people died, bringing the overall toll to 24, and hundreds of schools remained closed. Forecasters warned of heavy snowfall for the weekend.
In Rome, residents experienced only their second day of snow in the last 15 years, with white flakes covering palm trees, ancient Roman ruins and Baroque churches across the capital.
Up to five centimetres of snow fell in some districts and ancient monuments like the Colosseum were closed to visitors for fear of damage to the structure.
Temperatures in the Alpine region of Piedmont in northern Italy went as low as minus 30 degrees Celsius and drivers were advised to avoid regions in the centre of the country.