Tripoli, Libya: Libya’s Western-backed prime minister has said his brief abduction by gunmen last week was an attempted coup by his Islamist political rivals, using militias which he warned are trying to “terrorise” the government and turn the North African nation into another Afghanistan or Somalia.
In a sign of the turmoil, a car bomb detonated outside a building housing the Swedish and Finnish consulates in the eastern city of Benghazi, where militias are particularly prominent. No one was hurt, but the blast damaged the building’s facade. The city, Libya’s second-largest, has seen frequent violence, including killings of security officials and a string of attacks on foreign missions that have driven most of diplomats out of the city.
With his nationally televised address, embattled Prime Minister Ali Zeidan appeared to be trying to leverage public shock over his abduction a day earlier into momentum against his political opponents and against the multiple armed groups stirring chaos since the 2011 toppling of dictator Muammar Gaddafi. Militias, many including Islamic extremists, carry out daily violence nationwide and have defied attempts by the weak central authorities to rein them in.
Zeidan also gave his first account of the events on Thursday, when militiamen broke into the luxury Tripoli hotel where he lived before daybreak and took him away, holding him in a basement prison with criminals for hours until he was freed.
“This is a coup,” he said, speaking alongside members of his government. “There are political rivals behind this ... a political group that plots to topple the government.” He appeared to be referring to Islamist blocs in parliament that have sought to remove him. “There is a force that wants to slaughter the state before it is established.”
Raid by US forces
Zeidan has been struggling with political opponents and militias since he was named a year ago by parliament to lead. The tensions were enflamed by last Saturday’s raid by US special forces that snatched a Libyan Al Qaida suspect known as Abu Anas Al Libi off the streets of the capital and whisked him off to custody in a US warship.
The raid angered many militiamen, who accuse Zeidan — who has cultivated close security cooperation with the United States — of collaborating in the abduction of a Libyan citizen. Zeidan’s government has denied any prior knowledge of the operation, but the raid appears to have prompted his abduction.
Several dozen members of the hardline Ansar Al Sharia group marched on Friday evening between two main Tripoli squares, denouncing the raid and the prime minister. “Zeidan, you coward, you are an American agent,” they chanted, waving black banners. The Al Qaida inspired group is believed to be involved in the September 11, 2012 attack on a US diplomatic post in Benghazi that killed the ambassador and three other Americans.
Along with other militias, Ansar Al Sharia held a larger protest, backed by pick-up trucks mounted with machine guns, in Benghazi.
In Tripoli, Al Libi’s family attended a separate rally by about 50 Islamists. His wife told AP: “The Americans “are the terrorists.”
“For six days I have no idea if he [Al Libi] is alive or dead, sick or well,” she said, identifying herself as Umm Abdullah and speaking from behind a black veil over her face. “I want to talk to him because even if they say he is fine, I don’t believe the Americans.”
Al Libi whose real name is Nazih Abdul Hamid Al Ruqai, is accused by the US in connection with the 1998 bombings of its embassies in Tanzania and Kenya.
Impotent in controlling militias
At the same time, Prime Minister Zeidan faces criticism from many Libyans who hate militias and say he has proven impotent to stop them.
“Zeidan shows up as a helpless guy who doesn’t have confidence,” young businessman Hazem Al Tamami said, watching the prime minister’s speech at a cafe. Referring to the militias, he added, “If you ask me, I will bring an Apache and bomb them all.”
Militias originated in the “revolutionary” brigades that fought Gaddafi’s forces. Since his ouster, they have refused to disarm and have mushroomed in size and power. Many have been enlisted by the state to serve as security forces, since the army and police are weak, underequipped and under-paid. But they often continue to act as armed vigilante factions with their own interests, and some follow radical Al Qaida-style ideologies or are believed to have links to the terror organisation.
Touting themselves as “revolutionaries,” some have long demanded Zeidan’s removal for accepting Gaddafi-era officials in government posts. Zeidan himself served as diplomat under Gaddafi before defecting to the opposition decades ago. Militias have in the past besieged government buildings and carried out kidnappings — including one last month of the defence minister’s son, apparently to pressure him against trying to rein in the groups. On Friday, the military held a memorial for killings of 16 Libyan soldiers in a checkpoint near Tripoli by suspected militants days ago.
In his speech, Zeidan warned that “there are those who want to take Libya into the unknown. They want to turn Libya into Afghanistan or Somalia.”
He said armed groups use violence to press individual demands and block the establishment of the police and military. “We want a nation of institutions, with an army and police,” he said. “But there are those who want to terrorise the state and the courts and the institutions, and this we refuse.”
He vowed that those involved in his abduction would be punished. He said the attackers looted everything in his room, from cellphones and documents to even his underwear.
Parallel security force
Zeidan said his captors told him they belonged to the Libyan Revolutionaries Operation Room, an umbrella group for various militias, including Islamic hardliners. The agency was created by Nouri Abu Sahmein, the head of the parliament — or National Congress — as a parallel security force for the capital. That has raised questions on whether they acted on orders from Abu Sahmein, who belongs to an Islamist faction.
Zeidan said his captors told him they were acting on orders of their leaders. But he did not specify Abu Sahmein, who visited him while being held, and thanked him for his help in ensuring his freedom.
Earlier, the Operation Room in its official website accused Zeidan’s government of “collaboration” in the US raid.
Another militia group called the Anti-Crime Department was also involved in the abduction. Its spokesman, Abdul Hakim Al Balazi, said that the Operation Room members brought Zeidan to one of their buildings, claiming they had a warrant for his arrest.
Al Balazi questioned why parliament chief Abu Sahmein didn’t immediately free Zeidan when he visited him in the cell.
“I am personally surprised. How come you are the president and you see your prime minister held in a prison and you just leave,” he said.
